Communications and information technology in education - the development of information and communication technology (ICT) has given the world an influence on education, especially in the learning process. According to Rosenberg (2001), with the widespread use of ICT there are five shifts in the learning process, namely:
1. from training to performance,
2. from the classroom to where and anytime,
3. from paper to the "on line" or channels,
4. physical facilities to network facilities,
5. from time to time the real cycle.
Communication as a medium of education is done by using communication media such as telephones, computers, internet, e-mail, etc. Interaction between teachers and students not only done through face-to-face relationships, but also performed using these media. Teachers can provide service without having to deal directly with students. Similarly, students can obtain information in a broad scope of the various sources through cyber space or virtual space by using computers or the internet. The most recent is the development of so-called "Cyber teaching" or virtual teaching, ie teaching process carried out by using the internet. Another term that is increasingly poluper current e-learning is a model of learning by using media and information communication technology in particular the Internet.
According to Rosenberg (2001: 28), e-learning is the use of Internet technology in the delivery of learning in a broad range of based three criteria, namely:
1. e-learning is networked with the ability to update, store, distribute and share teaching materials or information,
2. delivery to end users through a computer using a standard Internet technology,
3. focus on the most extensive view of learning behind traditional learning paradigms.
Currently e-learning has developed in various models of ICT-based learning such as: CBT (Computer Based Training), CBI (Computer Based Instruction), Distance Learning, Distance Education, CLE (Cybernetic Learning Environment), Desktop Videoconferencing, ILS (Integrated Learning system), LCC (Learner-Cemterted Classroom), Teleconferencing, WBT (Web-Based Training), etc..
One form of ICT products is rapidly growing Internet in the late 20th century and on the verge of the 21st century. Her presence has provided a considerable impact on the lives of mankind in various aspects and dimensions. Internet is one of the instruments in the era of globalization that has made this world a transparent and connected very easily and quickly without knowing the limits of territorial or nationality. Through the Internet every person can access to the global world to obtain information in various fields and at litany will give effect in the overall behavior. Within a very fast the last few decades there has been a revolution of the Internet in various countries as well as its use in various areas of life.
Internet presence today is already a staple of modern humans in meeting the challenges of global development. This condition will certainly have an impact on the pattern and the patterns of life of mankind as a whole. In this regard, any person or people who want sustainable in the face of global challenges, it is necessary to improve the quality itself to adapt to the growing demands. ICT has changed the face of different learning with traditional learning process characterized by face to face interaction between teachers and students both in class and outside the classroom.
In the future, will increase the flow of information through the Internet network that is global across the globe and requires anyone to adapt to the trend, if not outdated. Under these conditions, especially the educational learning process sooner or later can not be separated from the presence of computers and the Internet as a primary tool. Asiaweek magazine publications 20-27 August 1999 has lowered the writings on the theme "Asia in the New Millennium" which provides a range of trends of development that will occur in Asia in various aspects such as economic, political, religious, social, cultural, health, education, etc.. Including in it the influence of the Internet revolution in the various dimensions of life. One article relating to education delivered by Robin Paul Ajjelo with the title "Rebooting: The Mind Starts at School". In the text stated that the classrooms in the coming millennium will be much different from today's classroom is in a form such as a computer lab where there are no longer format of the child and the teacher sat on a bench in front of the class. Classrooms in the future referred to as "cyber classroom" or "virtual classroom" as a place where children learning activities individually or in groups to study the pattern of so-called "interactive learning" or interactive learning through computers and the internet.
Children dealing with computers and interactive learning activities through the Internet to obtain study materials from a variety of learning resources. Children will learn to perform activities in accordance with the conditions so that the child's individual abilities that sooner or later to obtain the service of learning that suits him. The curriculum is developed in such a way in a more chewy or soft and flexible according to environmental conditions and the condition of the child so as to provide opportunities to advance the process of continuous learning in both dimensions time and space and matter. In this situation, teachers act as facilitators of learning in accordance with the roles as described above.
In it, the Illustrative mentioned that in the future contents of the bag is no longer the school children's books and stationery, as now, but the form of:
1. notebook computers with wireless internet access, which charged learning materials in the form of reading material, the material to be seen or heard, and is equipped with digital cameras and voice recorders,
2. Watches are equipped with personal data, electronic money, the security code to enter the home, calculator, etc..
3. Videophone forms a pocket with the software, internet access, games, music, and TV,
4. Musical instruments,
5. Sporting goods, and
6. parcel for lunch.
It shows that the completeness of all school children in those days the equipment will be nuanced Internet as a learning tool. Although the information and communications technology in the form of computers and the Internet has proven a lot of supporting children's learning process more effective and productive, but on the other hand there are still many weaknesses and shortcomings. In terms of excitement sometimes children are more excited about the Internet itself than to the material being studied. Process can also occur that too is individualized learning, thereby reducing the social nature of learning. From the aspect of information obtained, are not guaranteed the accuracy of the information from the internet so it is very dangerous if the child lacks a critical attitude towards the information obtained.
For elementary school children use the Internet a less proportional to ignore the increasing ability to manual such as hand writing, drawing, counting, etc.. In this connection, teachers need to have the ability to manage learning activities in proportion and so did the need for good cooperation with parents to guide children to learn at their own homes - Communications and information technology in education
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